Jim Thorpe Construction Lawyer, Pennsylvania
Includes: Construction Contracts, Construction Liens, Housing & Construction Defects
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LEGAL TERMS
INCIDENTS OF OWNERSHIP
Any control over property. If you give away property but keep an incident of ownership--for example, you give away an apartment building but retain the right to... (more...)
Any control over property. If you give away property but keep an incident of ownership--for example, you give away an apartment building but retain the right to receive rent--then legally, no gift has been made. This distinction can be important if you're making large gifts to reduce your eventual estate tax.
LEGACY
An outdated legal word meaning personal property left by a will. The more common term for this type of property is bequest. Compare devise.
REFORMATION
The act of changing a written contract when one of the parties can prove that the actual agreement was different than what's written down. The changes are usual... (more...)
The act of changing a written contract when one of the parties can prove that the actual agreement was different than what's written down. The changes are usually made by a court when both parties overlooked a mistake in the document, or when one party has deceived the other.
USE TAX
A tax imposed by a state to compensate for the sales tax lost when an item is purchased outside of the state, but is used within the state. For example, you buy... (more...)
A tax imposed by a state to compensate for the sales tax lost when an item is purchased outside of the state, but is used within the state. For example, you buy your car in a state that has no sales tax, but you live across the border in a state that does have a sales tax. When you bring your car home and register it in your state, the state taxing authority will bill you for the sales tax it would have collected had you bought the car within the state.
ESCHEAT
The forfeit of all property to the state when a person dies without heirs.
NET LEASE
A commercial real estate lease in which the tenant regularly pays not only for the space (as he does with a gross lease) but for a portion of the landlord's ope... (more...)
A commercial real estate lease in which the tenant regularly pays not only for the space (as he does with a gross lease) but for a portion of the landlord's operating costs as well. When all three of the usual costs--taxes, maintenance and insurance--are passed on, the arrangement is known as a 'triple net lease.' Because these costs are variable and almost never decrease, a net lease favors the landlord. Accordingly, it may be possible for a tenant to bargain for a net lease with caps or ceilings, which limits the amount of rent the tenant must pay. For example, a net lease with caps may specify that an increase in taxes beyond a certain point (or any new taxes) will be paid by the landlord. The same kind of protection can be designed to cover increased insurance premiums and maintenance expenses.
CLEANING FEE
A nonrefundable fee charged by a landlord when a tenant moves in. The fee covers the cost of cleaning the rented premises after you move out, even if you leave ... (more...)
A nonrefundable fee charged by a landlord when a tenant moves in. The fee covers the cost of cleaning the rented premises after you move out, even if you leave the place spotless. Cleaning fees are illegal in some states and specifically allowed in others, but most state laws are silent on the issue. Landlords in every state are allowed to use the security deposit to clean a unit that is truly dirty.
COMMERCIAL FRUSTRATION
An unforeseen and uncontrollable event that excuses a party to a contract from performing his or her duties under that contract. For example, a landlord can bre... (more...)
An unforeseen and uncontrollable event that excuses a party to a contract from performing his or her duties under that contract. For example, a landlord can break a lease if the property she agreed to rent accidentally burns down before the tenants move in.
IP
See intellectual property law.
SAMPLE LEGAL CASES
Cove Centre, Inc. v. WESTHAFER CONSTRUCTION, INC.
¶ 1 Westhafer Construction, Inc. (Westhafer) appeals the judgment entered in favor of Cove
Centre, Inc. (Cove Centre) following imposition of discovery sanctions by the trial court. The court's
order declared requests for admission to be admitted, precluded expert testimony, and ...
MALT BEV. DIST. v. Liquor Control Bd.
... It reasoned that such construction would lead to the absurd result of citing a licensee for not
offering alcohol to be ingested at the site, when the express purpose of the regulatory scheme
is to restrict the sale of alcohol. See Application of El Rancho Grande Inc., 496 Pa. ...
Commonwealth v. Brown
... 1999). This issue of statutory construction is a pure question of law, subject to plenary and de
novo review. Commonwealth v. Bradley, 834 A.2d 1127, 1131 (Pa. 2003). ... 1995). Thus, our task
is one of statutory interpretation. The rules of statutory construction are well settled: ...
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